48: The UTC graduate engineers: Humanists and technologists!

What makes UTC grad­u­ates so spe­cial? They have suc­cess­ful­ly com­plet­ed the gen­er­al engi­neer­ing cours­es and have all cho­sen a “major” spe­cial­iza­tion, as of their 3rd aca­d­e­m­ic year of stud­ies. Up to that point, their cur­ricu­lum was, in most respects, quite “tra­di­tion­al”. But the lit­tle extra flavour in their train­ing prob­a­bly lies in the impor­tant role of social sci­ences and human­i­ties at UTC. With its spe­cif­ic Depart­ment and research lab­o­ra­to­ry devot­ed to social sci­ences, the Uni­ver­si­ty intends to train engi­neers with a difference … 

At UTC, our ped­a­gog­i­cal inten­tion is not to turn out rough-shod tech­nol­o­gists but rather human­ist-ori­ent­ed tech­nol­o­gists capa­ble of think­ing through tech­nol­o­gy-inten­sive prob­lems and sit­u­a­tions includ­ing the envi­ron­men­tal, social and soci­etal con­se­quences, con­stant­ly keep­ing inno­va­tion in their sights”, wrote Eti­enne Arnoult, UTC’s Direc­tor for Train­ing and Ped­a­gogy, in the columns of the pub­li­ca­tion Eduni­versel rank­ing the French engi­neer­ing “grandes écoles”. And indeed, UTC empha­sizes and encour­ages the stu­dent-engi­neers to reg­is­ter for social stud­ies and human­i­ties ear­ly in the cur­sus programme. 

In order to ful­ly under­stand the impor­tant role assigned to social sci­ences and human­i­ties at UTC, our read­ers must go back in time to 1972, the year this engi­neer­ing school was found­ed by Guy Deniélou, and its first Pres­i­dent, who signed — in the columns of the Revue de l’information de l’Oise – an arti­cle we can read­i­ly view as a man­i­festo for the UTC project. “We shall endeav­our to end once and for all the absurd cleav­age between the human­i­ties and sci­ence. […] Every­body in charge of design­ing, build­ing, oper­at­ing main­tain­ing and repair­ing equip­ment know how much their activ­i­ties depend on human inter­per­son­al rela­tion­ships, […] and the time is nigh when it will no longer be pos­si­ble to pre­tend that we know some­one with­out know­ing the things he makes. […]. In the light of this, it is my feel­ing that a new approach to human­i­ties becomes pos­si­ble from a tech­no­log­i­cal stand­point and we would like to imple­ment this experiment”. 

We can note that from the out­set, UTC offered cours­es in phi­los­o­phy, in mar­ket­ing … In 1986, the Depart­ment UTC-THS (Tech­nol­o­gy and Social Sci­ences) was set up for the pur­pose of bet­ter orga­niz­ing the university’s pro­gramme offer in social sci­ences. A lit­tle lat­er, in 1993, UTC found­ed the Costech Lab­o­ra­to­ry where we find sev­er­al dozen lec­tur­er-cum-research sci­en­tists and PhD stu­dents all spe­cial­ist in social sci­ences and humanities. 

Today we see that with over one hun­dred cours­es in areas such as: epis­te­mol­o­gy, phi­los­o­phy of engi­neer­ing, lan­guage and com­mu­ni­ca­tion stud­ies, the social sci­ences rep­re­sent à major frac­tion of the cur­ricu­lum pro­posed to future UTC grad­u­ates. Indeed, these cours­es, more than just being intro­duc­tions or primers or gen­er­al cul­ture-ori­ent­ed, tak­en togeth­er, account for one quar­ter of the lec­ture hours fol­lowed by the stu­dent-engi­neers. “Our aim”, says Nathalie Darène, Direc­tor of UTC-THS (cf. inter­view page 6),” is to train future engi­neers to take into account, on a day-to-day basis, all the socio-tech­ni­cal chal­lenges and issues and the tech­nol­o­gy-inten­sive sys­tems on which they can exert their talents”. 

This project, viz., to train human­ist tech­nol­o­gists, saw its hey-day in 20123 when the uni­ver­si­ty author­i­ties launched a new “Hutech” cur­ricu­lum (Human­i­ties and Tech­nol­o­gy). The pro­gramme is open to can­di­dates with a French Bac­calau­re­ate, S, ES or L and pro­pos­es a three year alter­na­tive to the clas­sic UTC core pro­gramme, with some 50% sci­en­tif­ic and tech­no­log­i­cal cours­es and 50% social sci­ences and human­i­ties in the first year at UTC. “Our wish and objec­tive is to train engi­neers capa­ble of mod­el­ling these social chal­lenges and issues on the same lev­el as they do for sci­en­tif­ic and tech­no­log­i­cal ques­tions, even before the tech­no­log­i­cal projects come to be: we are no longer in a posi­tion to rea­son in terms of con­se­quences (reme­di­al), we must also rea­son “mean­ing­ful for Human­i­ty”, “soci­etal projects”, details Nico­las Salz­mann, head of the Hutech pro­gramme (cf. inter­view page 7 and the pho­to-report, page 8). 

It turned out to be a “win­ner” for the first UTC class­es grad­u­at­ing under the Hutech scheme. “By spot light­ing the THS option, UTC is already turn­ing out engi­neers who inte­grate and give thought to the Inter­ca­tions between Mankind and Tech­nolo­gies”, adds France, one of the recent Hutech grad­u­ates. “Hutech takes us fur­ther, expos­es us to con­cepts and notions that lat­er will become real tools to enable us to think of this Mankind/technology rela­tion­ship in en entre­pre­neur­ial frame­work or in the products/service sectors. 

With over one hun­dred cours­es on offer, the UTC-THS Depart­ment (Tech­nol­o­gy, Social Sci­ences and Human­i­ties) is open to all UTC stu­dents: from the Core Pro­gramme to the PhD stu­dents, the five majors, to the Master’s degrees – notably in THS and its spe­cial­ty UxD (User Expe­ri­ence Design) and the Con­tin­u­ing Edu­ca­tion pro­gramme (all told, some 2450 stu­dents each semes­ter). It is the sheer diver­si­ty of the sub­jects taught that makes UTC engi­neer­ing train­ing so spe­cif­ic. Nathalie Darène, Direc­tor of UTC-TSH explains …

“The first thing that struck me when I con­sult­ed the UTC course cat­a­logue, was the sig­nif­i­cant­ly high num­ber of social sci­ence mod­ules on offer”, remarks Alexan­der, even today, three years after arriv­ing at UTC. Indeed it is note­wor­thy that stu­dents have no end of pos­si­ble course choic­es, run­ning from mar­ket­ing, to eco­nom­ics, to improv­ing lan­guage skills, to pub­lic speak­ing or epistemology.

“Cer­tain course descrip­tors may appear some­what strange to our stu­dents”, adds Nathalie Darène, Head of the UTCTSH Depart­ment. “I should add that our course offer is rather unique, since we rely large­ly on input from an aca­d­e­m­ic research lab­o­ra­to­ry.” Our UTC-THS Depart­ment was found­ed in 1986, and com­bines a set of social sci­ence and human­i­ties cours­es at UTC. Most of the lec­tur­ers are also research sci­en­tists at the UTC-Costech lab­o­ra­to­ry, whose objec­tives con­sist of analysing the rela­tion­ships that exist between Mankind, Soci­ety and Technology

“Notwith­stand­ing”, details Nathalie Darène, “these social sci­ence, human­i­ties-ori­ent­ed cours­es must be not be viewed as bolt-on addi­tions, but rather as inte­gral com­po­nents of the university’s over­all ped­a­gog­i­cal scheme. Our aim in propos­ing these cours­es is to have the stu­dents become more aware of the socio-tech­no­log­i­cal issues that they will encounter in their pro­fes­sion­al activ­i­ties. Engi­neers must not be lim­it­ed to just design­ing prod­ucts and tech­nol­o­gy-inten­sive ser­vices, but they must envis­age the con­se­quences of their work on Mankind and on Soci­ety at large”. Con­se­quent­ly – ever since it was cre­at­ed – the UTCTHS Depart­ment oper­ates in close col­lab­o­ra­tion with the oth­er engi­neer­ing sci­ence depart­ments at the uni­ver­si­ty and with the part­ners in the socio­pro­fes­sion­al world. Nathalie Darène pur­sues “With the lec­tur­er-cum-research sci­en­tists of the THS Depart­ment, we are high­ly com­mit­ted to field trips, explor­ing and adapt­ing the con­tents of our cours­es to the real issues fac­ing engi­neers in entre­pre­neur­ial milieus. Our objec­tive in doing so is that as soon as our stu­dents come to grips with a project, they think through and analyse the under­ly­ing sociotech­no­log­i­cal prob­lems and ques­tions”. From major indus­tri­al groups to SMEs, there are a great many actors who tak­en part in and con­tribute to the THS courses.

In order to see the train­ing offer bet­ter scale to needs, Nathalie Darène and her col­leagues have launched a prospec­tive and strate­gic analy­sis of how and where THS Depart­ment stands. “Although our offer in social sci­ences and human­i­ties meets the cur­rent needs of the mar­ket-place, we do want to think about the future of these sub­jects over the com­ing years”. Via a num­ber of field tests, polls and enquiries, the research sci­en­tists-cum lec­tur­ers have set an objec­tive for their depart­ment, viz., to pre­pare their stu­dents to han­dle new knowl­edge and to coop­er­ate in dig­i­tal and inter­cul­tur­al exchanges and milieus. “The afore­men­tioned max­im sum­ma­rizes all the aims we enter­tain today: coop­er­a­tion refers to project co-con­struc­tion that can exist among stu­dents”, analy­ses Nathalie Darène. “Engi­neers pro­fes­sion­al­ly nev­er work alone, iso­lat­ed, locked away in ivory tow­ers …The notion “milieu” reflects the full con­text in which we bathe, part and par­cel of any project. By “dig­i­tal”, we rep­re­sent new tools and new ways to tack­le prob­lems. And last­ly, “inter­cul­tur­al” is to be con­strued in its wider con­no­ta­tion, in both the inter­na­tion­al reg­is­ter but also in regard to cul­tur­al inter­faces and links that exist between SMEs and major groups, etc

As an accom­pa­ni­ment for this over­ar­ch­ing aim, we must rethink the way social sci­ences and human­i­ties are taught at UTC, e.g., enabling the emer­gence of advanced pro­gramme items that specif­i­cal­ly address vol­un­teer stu­dents, notably an offer to car­ry out mini research projects dur­ing their intern­ships. This rep­re­sents is a size­able chal­lenge for our stu­dent engineers”. 

At the end of the day, what is the real impact of this social sci­ences and human­i­ties pol­i­cy thrust? “What the employ­er-com­pa­nies tell us reg­u­lar­ly is that our UTC grad­u­ates demon­strate a fine capac­i­ty to adapt and to adopt pos­i­tive prob­lem solv­ing skills and atti­tudes,” details the Head of UTC-THS. “We indeed encour­age these through our course offer and are proud that our grad­u­ates reflect and are rec­og­nized for these features”

ZOOMING IN ON THE UTC-COSTECH LAB.

Among the UTC research lab­o­ra­to­ries and an off­spring of the Tech­nol­o­gy and Social Sci­ences Depart­ment, the Costech Lab focus­es on the rela­tion­ships between Mankind, Soci­ety and Tech­nol­o­gy. There are three research Groups at UTC-Costech: the CRED (cog­ni­tive research and enac­tive design) which explores and analy­ses the tech­nol­o­gy-inten­sive com­po­nents of human expe­ri­ence. The CRI group (com­plex­i­ties, net­works and inno­va­tion) exam­ines the changeover from an indus­try-based econ­o­my to our cog­ni­tion, knowl­edge-based mod­ern cap­i­tal­ism. Last­ly, we have the EPIN group (dig­i­tal writ­ing, prac­tice and inter­ac­tions) which looks crit­i­cal­ly at new polit­i­cal, edu­ca­tion­al, cul­tur­al and in writ­ing itself, based on dig­i­tal tech­niques and technology

Hutech is a sort of ‘UFO’ in the ‘eco-sys­tem’ of engi­neer­ing school pro­grammes in France. It is a three-year pro­gramme open to can­di­dates with one of the Bac­calau­re­ates S, ES or L with a first year com­posed by 50% sci­en­tif­ic and tech­nol­o­gy­in­ten­sive cours­es and 50% social sci­ence and human­i­ties. The buzz word” Hutech” is now used by afi­ciona­dos at UTC for the Human­i­ties and Tech­nol­o­gy Pro­gramme. Nico­las Salz­mann, a research sci­en­tist-cum lec­tur­er at UTC heads this pro­gramme. This spe­cial train­ing course for future engi­neer tech­nol­o­gists mer­its a clos­er exam­i­na­tion and some explications.

In the space of sev­en aca­d­e­m­ic years, the UTC Hutech Pro­gramme has trained and qual­i­fied over 170 stu­dents. The class of 2017 (admit­ted in 2012) received their diplo­mas last Decem­ber. For three years, just like the oth­er stu­dent engi­neers at UTC, the Hutech pro­gramme stu­dents were ‘bot­tle-fed’ on Maths, Physics, Com­put­er Sci­ences and their Appli­ca­tions, Chem­istry, Biol­o­gy and Urban Planning.

But the major and orig­i­nal fea­ture of this pro­gramme is the stress laid on epis­te­mol­o­gy, the his­to­ry and phi­los­o­phy of sci­ences and a tech­nol­o­gy. This is a mix that the stu­dents find enjoy­able. As Pablo, a first year stu­dent, puts it “I was equal­ly excel­lent in sci­en­tif­ic sub­jects as in lit­er­a­ture. I didn’t want to aban­don either side of my per­vi­ous learn­ing curve, so it appeared to me that Hutech was the ‘per­fect’ com­pro­mise”. Fol­low­ing the three years Hutech course, the stu­dents can then choose to pur­sue a major at UTC (which most of them do in fact), or move to anoth­er HE insti­tu­tion or sim­ply grad­u­ate, leave and start a pro­fes­sion­al career, with their Hutech diploma.

Nico­las Salz­mann, research sci­en­tist-cum lec­tur­er at UTC for some 20 years now, was the founder of the Hutech pro­gramme. “I see Hutech as a project that con­tin­ues the phi­los­o­phy behind French uni­ver­si­ties of tech­nol­o­gy, viz., train­ing engi­neers capa­ble of think­ing through tech­ni­cal chal­lenges whilst inte­grat­ing the rela­tion­ships that exist between Mankind and Tech­nol­o­gy. The objec­tive we set for Hutech is that our grad­u­ates be capa­ble of analysing cor­rect­ly these social and human aspects before seek­ing solu­tions to tech­nol­o­gy­in­ten­sive ques­tions they will encounter in their future entre­pre­neur­ial milieus.

” In order to sat­is­fy this ambi­tious objec­tive, the pro­gramme cre­ates a syn­er­gy between social sci­ences, human­i­ties and engi­neer­ing sci­ences. “We have set up a three year core pro­gramme, instead of the two stan­dard years for this and the stu­dents do less hard sci­ences and more social sci­ences, “ adds Nico­las Saltz­man. “The con­se­quence is that our stu­dents deter­mine at an ear­li­er stage the job sec­tor in which they would like to work, lat­er and can pri­or­i­tize the pro­gramme cours­es they choose to build their per­son­al Hutech train­ing programme”. 

From the indus­tri­al­ists’ point of view, Hutech grad­u­ates inter­est them. “Some com­pa­nies send in intern­ship offers that they have set aside, i.e., ear-marked specif­i­cal­ly for Hutech stu­dents, adds Nico­las Saltz­man proud­ly. “Either because they have heard about us or maybe they have already expe­ri­enced hav­ing Hutech stu­dents doing place­ments with them”. Eliza­ve­ta Izv­olen­sky, who grad­u­at­ed in Decem­ber (class of 2018) and works today in the trans­port sec­tor, ful­ly agrees. She has a pro­file that has helped her evolve to a posi­tion at the cross­roads of tech­ni­cal and HR issues. She explains – My assign­ments address some high­ly tech­ni­cal projects such as devel­op­ment of dynam­ic reg­u­la­to­ry speed adjust­ment sys­tems for motor­ways, and in par­al­lel some more pri­or, upstream analy­sis, pre-project think­ing”. As she sees it, Hutech pro­vid­ed her with numer­ous skills she puts to use on a day-to-day basis. “The Hutech pro­gramme real­ly forged the way I think, the way I address sub­jects and I try to feel the sense of the issues and have a glob­al overview even if I work more often on a micro-scale, analysing projects details. All of this has enabled me to face u to polit­i­cal, eco­log­i­cal and eco­nom­ic real­i­ties on top of the bud­getary, finan­cial and tech­no­log­i­cal con­straints. Hutech serves me well as a primer, right from the very start of the courses”

As Nico­las Salz­mann sees it, the engi­neers who have grad­u­at­ed from the Hutech pro­gramme, over and above being human­ists, are real tech­nol­o­gists. “Inas­much as engi­neers design goods and ser­vices that change our human life-styles, they must of neces­si­ty be human­ists, con­stant­ly reflect­ing on the Inter­ac­tions of Mankind, Soci­ety and Tech­nol­o­gy. In the Hutech pro­gramme, we train tech­nol­o­gists, as a sort of go-between medi­a­tors capa­ble of mak­ing tech­ni­cal projects ‘dia­logue’ with soci­etal issues, they must under­stand tech­ni­cal mat­ters, think cor­rect­ly about them and express them­selves pre­cise­ly on these topics”.

For the time being, the Hutech Pro­gramme advances suc­cess­ful­ly. In the cor­ri­dors of UTC, we can detect the pos­si­bil­i­ty that the cur­rent matric­u­la­tion capac­i­ty for the course, lim­it­ed today to about 20 per class, might increase over com­ing years.… 

Le magazine

Novembre 2023 - N°61

Activité physique, nutrition & santé

linkedin facebook pinterest youtube rss twitter instagram facebook-blank rss-blank linkedin-blank pinterest youtube twitter instagram