What makes UTC graduates so special? They have successfully completed the general engineering courses and have all chosen a “major” specialization, as of their 3rd academic year of studies. Up to that point, their curriculum was, in most respects, quite “traditional”. But the little extra flavour in their training probably lies in the important role of social sciences and humanities at UTC. With its specific Department and research laboratory devoted to social sciences, the University intends to train engineers with a difference …
At UTC, our pedagogical intention is not to turn out rough-shod technologists but rather humanist-oriented technologists capable of thinking through technology-intensive problems and situations including the environmental, social and societal consequences, constantly keeping innovation in their sights”, wrote Etienne Arnoult, UTC’s Director for Training and Pedagogy, in the columns of the publication Eduniversel ranking the French engineering “grandes écoles”. And indeed, UTC emphasizes and encourages the student-engineers to register for social studies and humanities early in the cursus programme.
In order to fully understand the important role assigned to social sciences and humanities at UTC, our readers must go back in time to 1972, the year this engineering school was founded by Guy Deniélou, and its first President, who signed — in the columns of the Revue de l’information de l’Oise – an article we can readily view as a manifesto for the UTC project. “We shall endeavour to end once and for all the absurd cleavage between the humanities and science. […] Everybody in charge of designing, building, operating maintaining and repairing equipment know how much their activities depend on human interpersonal relationships, […] and the time is nigh when it will no longer be possible to pretend that we know someone without knowing the things he makes. […]. In the light of this, it is my feeling that a new approach to humanities becomes possible from a technological standpoint and we would like to implement this experiment”.
We can note that from the outset, UTC offered courses in philosophy, in marketing … In 1986, the Department UTC-THS (Technology and Social Sciences) was set up for the purpose of better organizing the university’s programme offer in social sciences. A little later, in 1993, UTC founded the Costech Laboratory where we find several dozen lecturer-cum-research scientists and PhD students all specialist in social sciences and humanities.
Today we see that with over one hundred courses in areas such as: epistemology, philosophy of engineering, language and communication studies, the social sciences represent à major fraction of the curriculum proposed to future UTC graduates. Indeed, these courses, more than just being introductions or primers or general culture-oriented, taken together, account for one quarter of the lecture hours followed by the student-engineers. “Our aim”, says Nathalie Darène, Director of UTC-THS (cf. interview page 6),” is to train future engineers to take into account, on a day-to-day basis, all the socio-technical challenges and issues and the technology-intensive systems on which they can exert their talents”.
This project, viz., to train humanist technologists, saw its hey-day in 20123 when the university authorities launched a new “Hutech” curriculum (Humanities and Technology). The programme is open to candidates with a French Baccalaureate, S, ES or L and proposes a three year alternative to the classic UTC core programme, with some 50% scientific and technological courses and 50% social sciences and humanities in the first year at UTC. “Our wish and objective is to train engineers capable of modelling these social challenges and issues on the same level as they do for scientific and technological questions, even before the technological projects come to be: we are no longer in a position to reason in terms of consequences (remedial), we must also reason “meaningful for Humanity”, “societal projects”, details Nicolas Salzmann, head of the Hutech programme (cf. interview page 7 and the photo-report, page 8).
It turned out to be a “winner” for the first UTC classes graduating under the Hutech scheme. “By spot lighting the THS option, UTC is already turning out engineers who integrate and give thought to the Intercations between Mankind and Technologies”, adds France, one of the recent Hutech graduates. “Hutech takes us further, exposes us to concepts and notions that later will become real tools to enable us to think of this Mankind/technology relationship in en entrepreneurial framework or in the products/service sectors.
With over one hundred courses on offer, the UTC-THS Department (Technology, Social Sciences and Humanities) is open to all UTC students: from the Core Programme to the PhD students, the five majors, to the Master’s degrees – notably in THS and its specialty UxD (User Experience Design) and the Continuing Education programme (all told, some 2450 students each semester). It is the sheer diversity of the subjects taught that makes UTC engineering training so specific. Nathalie Darène, Director of UTC-TSH explains …
“The first thing that struck me when I consulted the UTC course catalogue, was the significantly high number of social science modules on offer”, remarks Alexander, even today, three years after arriving at UTC. Indeed it is noteworthy that students have no end of possible course choices, running from marketing, to economics, to improving language skills, to public speaking or epistemology.
“Certain course descriptors may appear somewhat strange to our students”, adds Nathalie Darène, Head of the UTCTSH Department. “I should add that our course offer is rather unique, since we rely largely on input from an academic research laboratory.” Our UTC-THS Department was founded in 1986, and combines a set of social science and humanities courses at UTC. Most of the lecturers are also research scientists at the UTC-Costech laboratory, whose objectives consist of analysing the relationships that exist between Mankind, Society and Technology
“Notwithstanding”, details Nathalie Darène, “these social science, humanities-oriented courses must be not be viewed as bolt-on additions, but rather as integral components of the university’s overall pedagogical scheme. Our aim in proposing these courses is to have the students become more aware of the socio-technological issues that they will encounter in their professional activities. Engineers must not be limited to just designing products and technology-intensive services, but they must envisage the consequences of their work on Mankind and on Society at large”. Consequently – ever since it was created – the UTCTHS Department operates in close collaboration with the other engineering science departments at the university and with the partners in the socioprofessional world. Nathalie Darène pursues “With the lecturer-cum-research scientists of the THS Department, we are highly committed to field trips, exploring and adapting the contents of our courses to the real issues facing engineers in entrepreneurial milieus. Our objective in doing so is that as soon as our students come to grips with a project, they think through and analyse the underlying sociotechnological problems and questions”. From major industrial groups to SMEs, there are a great many actors who taken part in and contribute to the THS courses.
In order to see the training offer better scale to needs, Nathalie Darène and her colleagues have launched a prospective and strategic analysis of how and where THS Department stands. “Although our offer in social sciences and humanities meets the current needs of the market-place, we do want to think about the future of these subjects over the coming years”. Via a number of field tests, polls and enquiries, the research scientists-cum lecturers have set an objective for their department, viz., to prepare their students to handle new knowledge and to cooperate in digital and intercultural exchanges and milieus. “The aforementioned maxim summarizes all the aims we entertain today: cooperation refers to project co-construction that can exist among students”, analyses Nathalie Darène. “Engineers professionally never work alone, isolated, locked away in ivory towers …The notion “milieu” reflects the full context in which we bathe, part and parcel of any project. By “digital”, we represent new tools and new ways to tackle problems. And lastly, “intercultural” is to be construed in its wider connotation, in both the international register but also in regard to cultural interfaces and links that exist between SMEs and major groups, etc
As an accompaniment for this overarching aim, we must rethink the way social sciences and humanities are taught at UTC, e.g., enabling the emergence of advanced programme items that specifically address volunteer students, notably an offer to carry out mini research projects during their internships. This represents is a sizeable challenge for our student engineers”.
At the end of the day, what is the real impact of this social sciences and humanities policy thrust? “What the employer-companies tell us regularly is that our UTC graduates demonstrate a fine capacity to adapt and to adopt positive problem solving skills and attitudes,” details the Head of UTC-THS. “We indeed encourage these through our course offer and are proud that our graduates reflect and are recognized for these features”
ZOOMING IN ON THE UTC-COSTECH LAB.
Among the UTC research laboratories and an offspring of the Technology and Social Sciences Department, the Costech Lab focuses on the relationships between Mankind, Society and Technology. There are three research Groups at UTC-Costech: the CRED (cognitive research and enactive design) which explores and analyses the technology-intensive components of human experience. The CRI group (complexities, networks and innovation) examines the changeover from an industry-based economy to our cognition, knowledge-based modern capitalism. Lastly, we have the EPIN group (digital writing, practice and interactions) which looks critically at new political, educational, cultural and in writing itself, based on digital techniques and technology
Hutech is a sort of ‘UFO’ in the ‘eco-system’ of engineering school programmes in France. It is a three-year programme open to candidates with one of the Baccalaureates S, ES or L with a first year composed by 50% scientific and technologyintensive courses and 50% social science and humanities. The buzz word” Hutech” is now used by aficionados at UTC for the Humanities and Technology Programme. Nicolas Salzmann, a research scientist-cum lecturer at UTC heads this programme. This special training course for future engineer technologists merits a closer examination and some explications.
In the space of seven academic years, the UTC Hutech Programme has trained and qualified over 170 students. The class of 2017 (admitted in 2012) received their diplomas last December. For three years, just like the other student engineers at UTC, the Hutech programme students were ‘bottle-fed’ on Maths, Physics, Computer Sciences and their Applications, Chemistry, Biology and Urban Planning.
But the major and original feature of this programme is the stress laid on epistemology, the history and philosophy of sciences and a technology. This is a mix that the students find enjoyable. As Pablo, a first year student, puts it “I was equally excellent in scientific subjects as in literature. I didn’t want to abandon either side of my pervious learning curve, so it appeared to me that Hutech was the ‘perfect’ compromise”. Following the three years Hutech course, the students can then choose to pursue a major at UTC (which most of them do in fact), or move to another HE institution or simply graduate, leave and start a professional career, with their Hutech diploma.
Nicolas Salzmann, research scientist-cum lecturer at UTC for some 20 years now, was the founder of the Hutech programme. “I see Hutech as a project that continues the philosophy behind French universities of technology, viz., training engineers capable of thinking through technical challenges whilst integrating the relationships that exist between Mankind and Technology. The objective we set for Hutech is that our graduates be capable of analysing correctly these social and human aspects before seeking solutions to technologyintensive questions they will encounter in their future entrepreneurial milieus.
” In order to satisfy this ambitious objective, the programme creates a synergy between social sciences, humanities and engineering sciences. “We have set up a three year core programme, instead of the two standard years for this and the students do less hard sciences and more social sciences, “ adds Nicolas Saltzman. “The consequence is that our students determine at an earlier stage the job sector in which they would like to work, later and can prioritize the programme courses they choose to build their personal Hutech training programme”.
From the industrialists’ point of view, Hutech graduates interest them. “Some companies send in internship offers that they have set aside, i.e., ear-marked specifically for Hutech students, adds Nicolas Saltzman proudly. “Either because they have heard about us or maybe they have already experienced having Hutech students doing placements with them”. Elizaveta Izvolensky, who graduated in December (class of 2018) and works today in the transport sector, fully agrees. She has a profile that has helped her evolve to a position at the crossroads of technical and HR issues. She explains – My assignments address some highly technical projects such as development of dynamic regulatory speed adjustment systems for motorways, and in parallel some more prior, upstream analysis, pre-project thinking”. As she sees it, Hutech provided her with numerous skills she puts to use on a day-to-day basis. “The Hutech programme really forged the way I think, the way I address subjects and I try to feel the sense of the issues and have a global overview even if I work more often on a micro-scale, analysing projects details. All of this has enabled me to face u to political, ecological and economic realities on top of the budgetary, financial and technological constraints. Hutech serves me well as a primer, right from the very start of the courses”
As Nicolas Salzmann sees it, the engineers who have graduated from the Hutech programme, over and above being humanists, are real technologists. “Inasmuch as engineers design goods and services that change our human life-styles, they must of necessity be humanists, constantly reflecting on the Interactions of Mankind, Society and Technology. In the Hutech programme, we train technologists, as a sort of go-between mediators capable of making technical projects ‘dialogue’ with societal issues, they must understand technical matters, think correctly about them and express themselves precisely on these topics”.
For the time being, the Hutech Programme advances successfully. In the corridors of UTC, we can detect the possibility that the current matriculation capacity for the course, limited today to about 20 per class, might increase over coming years.…